By Raul Bernardino (Dino)
Abstract: Digital image processing
methods stems from two principal areas of the applications. The first area
namely the improvement of the image for human information and interpretation
and secondly, image processing data for storage, transmission, representation
for autonomous machine perception. We will
also bring you some historical background of the image processing, scope, and
component of image processing.
Introduction: Picture is the most common and convenient
means of conveying or transmitting the information. An image or a picture is worth a thousand words. Pictures are concisely
conveying information about positions, sizes, background, and
inter-relationships between objects. They are representing two- and three-dimensional
information that we can recognize as objects. Human beings are good at deriving
information from such images, because of our innate visual and mental
abilities. It is about 75% of the information
received by human is in illustrative or graphical forms.
Background:
The historical background is stated that from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) –
the technology advancement organization is a first primer professional society
for signal processing scientists and professionals since 1948. Since then, there
are several studies being done for the optical technology.
For instance, a group
is located in Universidad de la Frontera
and their main goal is to develop new optical methodologies and technologies
that applied to the image processing in infrared and visible spectrum from live
and inert material. The processed information is oriented to propose
technological transfer and linkage by alternative solutions for non-destructive
and non-invasive diagnostic that allows fast and safe control process in
industry and agriculture. Between these photonics methodologies, this group is
developing: Optical and digital pattern
recognition in visible and infrared
region; Infrared thermography image
processing applications in fruits; diffractive and polarized images optics;
Image processing by optical dynamic
bio-speckle applications in seeds. Additionally, they develop optical sensors to agriculture industry
is an up-and-coming area from collaborative results of this line. Currently,
this line is formed by four researches of Physics Department and Electrical
Engineering Department, in three laboratories. Also, this line is interested in
to increase the fundamental research, with the training of human resources.
Scope of Image processing: The Scope: The IEEE Transactions on Image
Processing covers signal-processing aspects of image processing, imaging
systems, and image scanning, display, and printing. It is including a theory, algorithms,
and architectures for image coding, filtering, enhancement, restoration,
segmentation, and motion estimation; the image formation in tomography, radar,
sonar, geophysics, astronomy, microscopy, and crystallography; image scanning,
digital half-toning and display, and color reproduction.
This is important for computing
professionals to understand how it is processed in order to be able to repair
the existing pixel of the images. For instance, in the war scenarios the front line
sends digital images to the command center in order to develop a strategy for
next movement of combat operation. It will be a cost of life and other resources.
Therefore, the images have to be high resolutions and during transmission of
the packages or sending data to the destination, data has to be sealed or
protected, or even encrypted and in secure mode.
Another example for health care issues
such as doctor was not in the place and patient needs urgent prescription from
a doctor. He / she (the doctor) can access patient image data from far end.
This data image has to be precise and have high quality for diagnosing.
Moreover, doctor can use a video conferencing tools to discuss with the team of
doctors in ground by using same source of image and determine the diagnoses and
so on.
“Most investigators and students actively involved
in the image processing and analysis field or those who would like to participate
in this field will be pleased to have this handbook as a reference. ...I am
sure that this handbook will find its place in most academic radiology
department libraries and on the shelf of investigators in the field." -ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY (May 2001)
Reproducible research: The Transactions encourages authors to
make their publications reproducible by making all information needed to
reproduce the presented results available on-line. This typically requires
publishing the code and data used to produce the publication`s figures and
tables on a website. It gives other researchers easier access to the work, and
facilitates fair comparisons. More information on a practical setup.
Multimedia content: It is now possible to submit for review
and publish in Xplore supporting multimedia material such as speech samples,
images, movies, matlab code etc. More information under Multimedia Materials at
the IEEE Author
Digital Tool Box
Digital
Image Acquisition:
The following picture shows how the number of pixels determines
the resolution of the image:
 Image with 35 pixels |
 Image with 2400 pixels |
|
|
Conclusion:
Image
processing is an art work. A professional in this field has to be passion in
order to give a maximum result. Pictorials are more informative or rich of the
information and it is easy to convey the information to human being. The technology
helps human being to capture, process, and record the image information. It is also helps to reconstruct or to rebuild
the current low quality images or captures becomes a better quality objects.
Images are also helps to make a precise decision toward the objects.
References
list:
Author Digital Tool Box, [Internet]. Available from:
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/authors/authors_journals.html
(Accessed: 7 March 2013)
Vandewalle,P. Kovacevic, J., Vetterli, M. (2009), Reproducible Research in Signal Processing - What, why, and how, [Internet]. Available from:
http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/136640 (Accessed: 7
March 2013)
Universidad de la
Frontera(2013), Digital Imaging
Processing, [Internet]. Available from: http://www.cefop.cl/research-and-develope/lineas-de-investigacion/procesamiento-de-imagenes/
(Accessed: 7 March 2013)
Ted’sPhotographics (2013) The Science of Photography –
Digital Image Processing, [Internet]. Available from: http://www.ted.photographer.org.uk/photoscience_digital.htm (Accessed: 7 March 2013)
Wikipedia (2013) Algorithm, [Internet]. Available from: lhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm
(Accessed:
7 March 2013)
